Since the year 2000 between November and January I have travelled three, sometimes four times a year with firearms and can tell you that each Airline interprets the Aviation Rules for Carrying Arms and Ammunition differently.
The only hard and fast rule regarding the rifle is that it has to be packed separately from your normal hold luggage and in a secure case, I have always packed my bolt with it .
Ammunition is a topic of it's own! I have always packed it in my normal hold luggage.
It used to be in it's cardboard carton and was acceptable, then it had to be in a locked container.
So now, to be on the safe side, I use a small red metal money box from Smiths the stationers. It holds fifty 30-06 rounds comfortably.
Sometimes the Airline wants to look at it and sometimes not and as for reloads or otherwise, I wouldn't think the airline staff would be able to tell the difference.