Eh? I've sent quite a few applications off recently. VSS is correct, you don't need to include any of that information, it is entirely optional. My CV doesn't contain my age, sexuality or any other protected characteristic. You could infer my gender from my name I guess?
If you were discriminated against during an application owing to your race, age, gender, sexuality ect then the employer would be in breach of the equality act of 2010.
If the information is requested on an online form then there should be a "prefer not to say" option.
Edit: they may ask about disability to ensure that appropriate accommodations have been made during the application.
