Section one shotguns authorised for vermin control now appears to being phased out. However they are still being authorised for the practical shooting aspect.
So what is happening.
The law itself hasn’t fundamentally changed, but the way police are applying it absolutely. That’s what’s catching a lot of people out right now.
Here’s what’s really going on
The shift from “entitlement” to risk-based discretion
Even before 2025, firearms licensing was always discretionary — police must be satisfied you are:
“fit to be entrusted” good reason to possess and not a danger to public safety
But the latest Home Office guidance (Aug 2025) pushes forces to take a much more cautious, risk-averse approach. Some forces have been doing this for years interpretation the legislation to suit their agenda. When you complain against you get the same old quote "we are more risk overt than others'.
In practice, that means:
If your reason (e.g. vermin control) isn’t strongly evidenced or still required they can refuse
If they think another method or firearm could suffice they may not renew
It’s less about “you’ve always had it” and more:
“Do you still clearly need this specific firearm right now?” What the difference from loading a section 2 a couple of times or doing one reload with a section 1
Much stricter checks this is the big one
The 2025 guidance tightened how police assess suitability:
2 referees now required (not 1)
GP medical checks & markers mandatory
Domestic situation checks (partners/household)
Social media checks for risk indicators
Greater weight on any concerns about behaviour, honesty, or stability
So even if nothing obvious has changed, the level of scrutiny has.
“Good reason” is being interpreted tighter (vermin control hit hardest)
Vermin control is still a valid reason — no change in law.
But forces are increasingly asking:
Do you still have land permission?
Is the pest problem ongoing and evidenced?
Could it be done with:
a different firearm?
a shotgun instead of Section 1?
Are you actually actively using it, or just holding it?
If they think the need is marginal, they’re more willing to refuse.
Political pressure after Plymouth (this matters)
After the Plymouth shootings (2021), there’s been sustained pressure to tighten licensing.
Government is actively considering aligning shotgun and firearm rules
House of Commons Library
Guidance now emphasises public safety over convenience
Even minor concerns are taken more seriously
Forces are basically thinking:
“If we renew this and something happens, we’re accountable.”
Inconsistency between police forces
This is a huge frustration nationally.
43 different licensing authorities
Each interprets guidance slightly differently
Shooting organisations warn of “inconsistency and overreach”
So one force may renew routinely… another refuses on the same facts.
So why are people losing renewals?
In real terms, it’s usually one (or a mix) of:
“Good reason” not strong enough anymore
Not enough evidence of active vermin control
Police think another gun/setup would do
Admin issues (referees, GP delays)
Low-level concerns now being treated more seriously
General shift toward risk avoidance
Its clear there has been a quiet tightening, not a new law.
But stricter guidance + more cautious policing = more refusals.
The massive elephant in the room is clear YOU CAN POSSES SECT 1 FOR SHOOTING PLATES IN A QUARRY BUT NOT FOR CONTROLLING VERMIN. Public safety is the driver as usual but this doesnt work in this case. For example i have a section 1 I have a mental episode we have a mass shooting.
I dont have sect 1 but section 2 I have an episode mass shooting but have to re load still the same amount of deaths.
I dont have sect 2 or section 1 sgc but I have fac, 308 ten round mag. Again have an episode.
So either ban sect 1 shotguns and ban fac magazines. So as usual massive discrepancy in the guidance.
What happens when its you that gets refused. Challenge this correctly provide as much evidence as possible strengthen your good reason. Dont put well ive always had one. Next step appeal I cant locate anyone putting the refusal through the court would be interesting to hear from a certificate holder than has expirenced this.
Apologies for the length of this but lots to cover. In a nutshell if you require the vermin aspect go for it but be honest can you get by with a section 2.