Carrying firearms in a public place (section 19 of the 1968 Act)
21.15 Section 19 of the 1968 Act makes it an offence to have in a public place without lawful authority or reasonable excuse (the proof of which lies on the accused) a loaded shot gun, an air weapon (whether loaded or not), any other firearm (whether loaded or not) together with ammunition suitable for use in that firearm, or an imitation firearm.
21.16 Section 57(6) of the 1968 Act includes a definition of “loaded” in relation to shot guns and air weapons. An air weapon is to be treated as loaded if there is ammunition in the chamber or barrel or in any magazine or other device which is in such a position that the ammunition can be fed into the chamber or barrel by the manual or automatic operation of some part of the gun or weapon.
21.17 The definition of a “public place” in section 57(4) of the 1968 Act is the same as that in section 1(4) of the Prevention of Crime Act 1953, specifically “any highway and any other premises or place to which at the material time the public have or are permitted to have access, whether on payment or otherwise”. For Scotland, the word “highway” in the definition of “public place” in section 57(4) has been deleted and replaced by “road (within the meaning of the Roads (Scotland) Act 1984)”.
Highways Act 1980
21.31 Under section 161 of the Highways Act 1980, it is an offence for any person, without lawful authority or excuse, to discharge any firearm within fifty feet of the centre of any highway, if in consequence any user of the highway is injured, interrupted or endangered. For these purposes a carriageway means a highway (other than a cycle track) over which the public have a right of way for the passage of vehicles.
21.32 The Highways Act does not apply in Scotland but Procurators Fiscal may use common law offences of “culpable and reckless conduct” and “reckless endangerment” in situations in which the 1980 Act would be contravened in England and Wales.
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The law is actually quite clear on this matter but there seems to be a lot of confusion in this thread between firing near the highway & being on it.
Whilst it is legal to fire a firearm within 50' of the centre of a highway, as long as nobody is injured, interrupted or endangered, it is certainly not legal to carry a loaded firearm on the public highway.
In theory it would be acceptable to fire from land on one side of a highway onto land on the other side as long as you have permission to shoot over both areas of land, and as long as no member of the public is injured, interrupted or endangered. However, that is quite different to being on the highway and carrying/discharging a loaded firearm. Furthermore, there is a clear distinction between highways (roads in Scotland) and public rights of way across private land.