I think the physics is considerably more complicated than that.
As I recognised- deformation will be greater with speed- but its still minimal. I doubt the extra speed would lead to any meaningful deformation for most pellets. Perhaps a few % with Hades.
Just how much more energy a FAC 177 pellet imparts vs sub 12 I don't know. It certainly isn't simple physics. And I suspect its considerably less than you would hope. The way the animals body would reject the external force- and how this would vary depending on the pellet speed- is way beyond my understanding.
Hydrostatic shock certainly doesn't happen at subsonic speeds.
When comparing 22LR to 12 ft lb- you are varying far too many variables. Bullet vs pellet, weight, shape, density, speed, deformation potential etc. Your comparison is meaningless.
Indeed you need more energy to leave more- but that certainly isn't the only requirement.
I could potentially envisage a slower pellet being entirely stopped in an animal- and thus the full ft lbs being absorbed- with an embedded pellet preventing the wound channel from closing up. Vs a faster pellet exiting and potentially depositing less internally. Honestly it's beyond my imagination. But I wouldn't assume it was simple physics.